Signification of Icons in a Computer GUI :: Icons Symbols Essays

Implication of Icons in a Computer GUI In 1867 in his paper On a New List of Categories, Charles Peirce said that there were three sorts of signs: symbols, files, and images. As indicated by Thomas Sebeok a sign is supposed to be famous when there is a topological closeness between a signifier and its denotata. Symbols are then something that takes after the article that they speak to. That comparability among symbol and article is on a very basic level what separates symbols from the other two sorts of signs. Records don't have any similitude with their significants, yet have a circumstances and logical results relationship. Images don't have any immediate relationship with an article other than the implying that forced or all things considered settled upon a gathering of people. In this paper I need to think about just one of the three sorts of signs in Peirce set of three. I have chosen the symbol for this conversation since this is as of now one of the most widely recognized utilized and misconstrued terms in our general public. One reason for this marvel is the way that some extremely specific pictures called symbols have showed up in a large number of PC screens far and wide. These supposed symbols are the center components of the idea called graphical UI (GUI). The GUI is the PC business' endeavor to make individualized computing a reality for each one. This virtual condition gives pictures that are assume to be recognizable and permits clients to connect legitimately with them by uprightness of a sensation activity like the development of a mouse. This has demonstrated to be significantly all the more engaging for a lot of individuals as contradict to retaining and type verbal (representative) PC orders. PC symbols inside a GUI should look like some genuine item. The achievement of a symbol on imparting the correct significance to the client relies upon the precision of the portrayal and, obviously, the client's capacity to perceive the relationship. Notice that a PC framework will have a wide range of signs worked in to speak with the client. Watchwords and sentences that give directions or alarm the client of the status of the framework are images. A client is viewed as PC educated when the individual can comprehend those images. Another manner by which a PC framework speaks with a client is by methods for records. At the point when a framework is killed on or, a light that shows the status of the framework is a record.

Marketing Orientation in Telecommunication Company Essay

Promoting Orientation in Telecommunication Company - Essay Example A profound investigation of the organization has been made inside this report. Likewise dependent on the investigation of the organization and its rivals, proposals have been set out for the administration. The arrangement that has been set down which incorporates the advantages that Etisalat can pick up from the suggestion of beginning a web based business site. This examination has been founded on an optional research. The data gathered is for the most part from the auxiliary sources, which incorporate different sources, contemplates, articles, papers, and sites. Optional information alludes to data distributed by others and which is as of now available1. It is additionally information gathered by others instead of the analyst who is doing the study2. There has been a through research directed to increase all the data of this Etisalat. Incredible consideration has been taken while picking the sources from the Internet and it has been guaranteed that the works looked over the Internet are from distributed journalists. As Berry alludes to the Internet in his books, â€Å"an open way to babble to show up, and one method of minding this is thinking about the author†3. The telecom business of the Middle Eastern nations has seen a constant development. A figure by Informa Telecoms and Media shows that the year 2009 will keep on observing a consistent development, with practically 28.68 million net considerations into the portable market this year. The market is wide and has the same number of as right around 250 million versatile supporters and is relied upon to reach as high as 250.79 million before the finish of 20094. Etisalat is one of the most seasoned telecom suppliers in UAE. It is going by Mohammad Al Qamzi, the CEO. The organization was consolidated in 1976 and has become a piece of the Financial Times Top 500 Corporation. As far as the capitalization and incomes, this organization remains on the sixth situation in the Middle East.â

Unusual Life of the Ocean Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strange Life of the Ocean - Research Paper Example Their cells are the biggest on earth, with the capacity to grow up to four inches (Piper). In spite of the fact that huge, their capacity to endure lies in their delicacy. Their structure can without much of a stretch be obliterated by a bigger development of water, yet they can assimilate a lot of water, mercury, lead and different metals, hence being safe to contamination. Simultaneously, they can develop in practically complete murkiness, at a high weight. Other than xenophyophores, different types of life exist at such profound levels. Jellyfish make due there too (Piper). More than 200 unique sorts of microorganisms were found to exist there also (Dohrer). Uncommon â€Å"translucent, ocean cucumber-like creatures called holothurians† live there also (Dohrer). Despite the fact that additionally found on a superficial level, snails in the Trench have adjusted to the weight by growing delicate shells (Dohrer). In spite of the fact that high weight makes endurance for most species incomprehensible, in the Mariana Trench creature life figured out how to adjust. Unequivocally on the grounds that it is increasingly delicate, life in the profound is progressively ready to withstand the weight and dimness than life structures we are familiar with

Domestic Violence And Womens Mental Health - Free Essay Example

Literature review Domestic violence occurs worldwide irrespective of culture, geographical and historical period. There are many factors that cause or lead to domestic violence and they are: Unmet role expectations Unmet role expectations on the part of the wife or husband could lead to domestic violence in the family. If women fail to fulfil basic domestic responsibilities such as cooking, cleaning, managing household budgets and taking care of child, it often leads to domestic violence. Child care was a source of argument among many couples and women have to play a crucial role in maintaining domestic peace. Moreover, domestic violence will occur if husband fail to provide for the family at a standard set by wife. If wife demands things that husband could not afford, his response would be violent (Keenan, Hadad Balian, 1998). Therefore, unmet role expectations lead to domestic violence in the family. Conflict with in-laws Conflict with in-laws was another frequent cause of violence particularly in younger families. If couple and children tend to live with husbands parents or other extended families, conflict arises due to husbands strong allegiance to his parents. So, domestic violence occurs when there is conflict with in-laws (Keenan, Hadad Balian, 1998). Substance abuse As stated by Stewart and Robinson (1998) when individual is under substance abuse, the victim will lessen his or her ability to escape or resist and perpetrator may decrease self-consciousness against aggression. Therefore, domestic violence occurs when partners are under the influence of substances. Increased stress in the family Domestic violence occurs when there is high level of stress in the family. For instance ?if husband is of lower socioeconomic status, he is more likely to commit domestic violence and tend to perpetrate more severe violence than men who are at higher socioeconomic status (Holtzworth Munroe, 1996). Individuals childhood history Domestic violence is also associated with individuals childhood history where if males have witness violence against family members and if he had experience sexual abuse in childhood, he is more likely to be violent toward their spouses while females who witness violence in childhood are more likely to become passive when they become adults. In addition, women who had experience both child and adult abuse were more likely to suffer from mental health diseases. In addition, Whitfield, Anda, Dube and Felitti (2003) also states that if women had experience sexual abuse in their childhood they are more likely to experience domestic violence in their adulthood. Therefore, individuals childhood experience or history increased the risk of victimization among women and perpetration by men. Several other studies also states similar reasons where they asserts that men tend to act aggressively towards their partner if they had experience physical and sexual abuse in their childhood (Bagley Mallick, 2000; Lewis, Moy Jackson, 1985). Alcohol abuse Alcohol use has been associated with rates of domestic violence. In one of the research done by Kantor Straus (1987) in United States, they had found out that about 25% of incidents of domestic violence are associated with alcohol use. It has been thought that alcohol increases violent incidents, either by disinhibiting the abuser or by increasing conflict. Moreover, women experience domestic violence when husband was drinking and if women disagree with his words or actions. Therefore, alcohol use can be related to Bhutanese context where alcohol is widely ingrained and accepted in the society. However, rates of domestic violence tend to decrease when the age of couple increases as individual tend to develop more resistance power when age increases (Straus, Gelles Steinmetz, 1980). When there is more resistance power individual can resist domestic violence at any cost or they will simply ignore it. However, not all the men who drink alcohol does not act aggressive toward their partner, rather alcohol lead to opening up where they tend to bring out both positive and negative emotions. Most often it allows them to discuss issues that men would not discuss when he is not drunk (Galvani, 2006). Many felt that alcohol alone was not enough to cause domestic violence and felt that it depends on ?environment factors, personality factors and individuals goals of drinking (Galvani, 2006). Domestic violence and mental health The primary mental health that women or survivor suffer as a result of domestic violence depression. According to Humphreys and Thiara (2003) there is causal connection between womens experiences of domestic violence and her mental health where womens experiences of depression, post-traumatic stress and self-harm are symptoms or effects of living with violence and abuse. Women who had experience domestic violence suffer from depression which puts them higher risk for ?suicide, eating disorders, drug and substance abuse'(Chhikara, Jakhar, Malik, Singla Dhattarwal, 2013). Domestic violence is likely to play a crucial role in undermining womens mental health. In addition, Humphreys and Thiara (2003) states that women who have experience domestic violence or who were abused tend to experience the depression more than women who have not experience domestic violence. Moreover, women who have experience domestic violence are more likely to commit suicide and many states that black women are more likely to experience domestic violence. Women, after experiencing domestic violence consulting or using available health services is not neutral as it confirms verbal abuse and lead to disempowerment and low self-esteem. Moreover, health problems were seen as weakness that might bring shame and dishonour to the family. However, many women tend to recover from their mental health once they leave the violent relationship. To conclude, there is occurrence of domestic violence when there are unmet marital expectations, conflict with in-laws, substance abuse, individuals childhood history, and high level of stress in the family and alcohol abuse in the family. Domestic violence has both short term and long term effect on womens mental health where they commonly suffer from depression, self-harm, low-self-esteem and post-traumatic disorders.

Why I Should Be Prepared - 1642 Words

Sirens shrieked through the air in chaotic pulses, adding to the panic already felt by the mob of people rushing to the launch pad. My wife, Jessica, and I started to run, but we struggled, weighed down by our children on our backs. We followed the trail like we practiced, but even after all of the drills, I still felt as if I was not prepared. How should I be prepared? No one expected the North Koreans to invade, especially not here in Los Angeles. We ran for what felt like miles. Minutes felt like hours. Each step felt as if it were fighting gravity for our dear lives. Finally my eyes met the eyes of the guards at the gate of the launch pad. A crowd had assembled around the gate, trying to get in. I pushed and shoved everyone out of the†¦show more content†¦The colony was made up of many structures connected by tunnels in order to keep our lives separate from the empty vacuum of space. There were multiple 62-AB robots stationed around the colony in case we needed assistance with anything. This just seemed odd. Of course robots that are developed to look and act just like humans are a bit strange, but the way that they acted around us was quite disturbing. Everyone was acting different than normal too. Ever since we arrived, my kids started behaving as if they could not do anything wrong. They were always good children, but they would misbehave every once and awhile. My wife seems to be very passive and submissive, just agreeing with everything I say. It feels like my wife is a completely different person now and not the wonderful woman that I married. I loved her personality, but it seems as if she is just anoth er one of those 62-AB robots. As the days went on, I started to get anxious. Nothing about the colony felt right. I asked the doctor 68-JJ about my observations, but he seemed to repeatedly deny what I said, as if the line was a part of his programming. I began to think of the worst possible ideas. I was wondering why we were never called about our status in regards to returning home. It seemed as if they were hiding something. I had to take initiative and get someShow MoreRelatedEssay How to Get Prepared and Start My Own Business1585 Words   |  7 PagesHow to Get Prepared and Start My Own Business . All of us have a lot of ideas about the things that we think about; most of the time we do not even recognize how millions of ideas got through our brains. Even now, when I typed this sentence, it took a while for me to come up with an idea and put it into words, so that all the readers get exactly what I want them to understand after reading my writing. We use our ideas everywhere, since it is something that lets us process and understand the informationRead MoreAnalysis of the Role-Play Island Cruise Essay619 Words   |  3 PagesI. Introduction I chose to represent the major in the â€Å"Island Cruise†-role play. 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Case Study on Central Station Hotel- Free-Samples for Students

Question: You are to write a Promotion Campaign reportaddressed to the Management team for approval of a Conceptual Idea and Expenditure. Answer: Introduction: Marketing is one of the most important aspects of business. Marketing also comprises some vital aspects and promotion of the business or product or services is one of them. Every business should give importance on promotion campaign to improve the business performance (Grosbois, 2016). Purpose of this report is to make promotion campaigning for Central Station Hotel of Sydney. Being the marketing manager of this organisation it is the vital responsibility to make the report based on some important aspects. Before making the report it will focus on the organisation and will provide vital information about the firm. After that it will discuss about campaign strategy of the firm along with the target market of the same. The campaign strategy also has some objectives and the report will discuss the same to make the report in an effective way. Market competition Overview of the Organisation: Central Station Hotel has been established in the year 1887, and since then it has undergone huge changes in its business approach and the services it used to provide to the esteemed guests. The name itself signifies the locational aspect of the property as it is strategically situated in the neighbourhood of the new Central Railway Station (Centralstationhotel.com.au, 2017). It is a heritage property having the architecture of the erstwhile era and that of the modern times. The main attraction of the property is its strategic location amidst Central Station, Sydney CBD, Surry Hills, Chinatown and Darling Harbour. Central Station Hotel offers an exquisite view from the balcony of its property, and the property is also known for its excellent hospitality for its esteemed guests. The organisation mostly focuses on guest service which is the core of their business policy. Guests are the centre of their universe, they have some golden rules, and all the staffs and members have to follow these rules to retain the positive reputation of the hotel. They also focus on staff retention along with customer retention, as they believe that experienced staffs are an asset for the business. Campaign Strategy for the Firm: Market competition is very high in the hospitality industry. The trend of tourism has increased in this present world; this is also one of the reasons behind the high level competition in the hospitality sector. In this regard, it is important to focus on a promotional mix of the organisation to gain more customers from the market (Khan, 2014). In this present time, Central Station Hotel is facing the problem of customer retention so that they have to set promotional campaign to address this particular problem. Promotional mix is one of the 4Ps of marketing mix which is concerned about sales promotion, advertising, personal selling, and public relation. In order to increase customer retention, Central Station Hotel has to focus on the public relation. It will increase the trust level of customers on the firm, which is one of the vital aspects of customer retention. Under this promotional strategy, the organisation has to include free publicity (Davari Strutton, 2014). In this regard , Central Station Hotel should use the process of press release to make publicity about their refurbishment and newly renovated rooms, which will increase the level of attraction among both existing and new customers. Existing customers will feel more interested in visiting new rooms of their favourite hotel brand. It will affect positively on retention rate of the customer as it influences them to visit this place again and again. They also have to use the process of advertising to retain old customers. In this process, they have to send direct mail or brochures and catalogues about new facilities of the hotel to existing customers. Target Market: Every promotional campaign is concerned about a specific target market. This promotional campaign also has a target market from which it will attract customers for a revisit. In this present time, Sydney is one of the most favourable tourist spots among both domestic and international tourists (Wong Wickham, 2015). In this regard, the primary target market of this promotional campaigning is those tourists who are willing to visit Sydney for leisure tourism. The strategic location of Central Station Hotel would definitely attract the tourists to stay in there for easy transit. New rooms of the hotel also will provide the facility to enjoy this view privately, so that it will attract young age customers who are willing to spend time together. Based on this concept customers between 25 to 35 years age group is the primary target of this promotional campaign strategy. Sydney also has the reputation as a vital business place of the country, and the factor of globalisation also has increased the importance of this place in the business world (Jakada Gambo, 2014). For this reason business tourists also the target market of this promotional campaign. The hotel has facilities for business tourists they also have mailed to all the existing business tourists who have visited this place as a border. Revisit by existing business tourism also will increase the rate of customer retention. In this segment people between 40 to 55 years old customers are preferable as most of them have to power to take a decision on behalf of their respective organisation with which they are working. Communication Objectives: Promotional campaign of the hotel has selected to overcome the issue about customer retention. This is the vital objective of this promotional strategy. However there are some other objectives on which this strategy will focus (Rinaldi Beeton, 2015). The objectives are as below:- Through this promotional strategy, Central Station Hotel will increase awareness among all the business tourists about their new facilities like Wi-Fi access for all the business tourist. Depending on this promotional campaign the hotel will increase their revenue collection from new rooms by 5% within the end of 2017. They also have the objective to increase the customer retention rate of the hotel by 10% in 2017 by delivering email or catalogues about new facilities for both business tourist and leisure tourists. It will also increase the rate of staff retention as the success of this promotional campaign will increase the reputation of the hotel into the market, and all the people like to work with reputed organisation rather working with unrecognised brands (Telfer Sharpley, 2015). In this way, it will increase the rate of employee retention by 2% at the end of 2017. Market Competition: According to the view of Singal, (2015), market competition in tourism and hospitality industry is very high. It has also observed that factors like geopolitical turmoil, natural disaster and the global economy have affected the trend of tourism and hospitality industry in last decade, However, in this present time, the trend of this industry has increased due to the positive effect of globalisation. Implementation of technology and innovation in tourism and hospitality industry has increased the level of competition. Customers like to have speedy services regarding hotel booking, event booking, and so on, and online presence of hospitality organisations fulfils this demand of customers. Therefore, innovation is important to face market completion. It has observed that implementation of internet technology has increased the positive trend of tourism by 12% during 2011 to 2016, which is also the evidence that competition has increased in the hospitality industry(Sigala, 2017). Market size of tourism industry also has increased by 2% every year from last five years. The major competitors of the industry have faced growth in their business near about 8% (Becerra, et al., 2013). Central Station Hotel is also one of these major competitors of the market. In this regard, this hotel has to focus on their growth strategies to face this growing competition. Effective marketing strategies also have affected on market competition in the hospitality industry. Proper marketing of hotels of Sydney has attracted customers from both domestic and international market; it also has increased the level of competition by increasing the ratio of customers for this industry. Types of Communication Channel: Communication is considered an important aspect of the smooth functioning of the organisation especially when it is dealing with the customers on the first hand. So it is quite necessary for Central Station Hotel to understand the fact that which mode of communication channel would be effective in reaching out to its guests (Robertson, 2012). It would be favourable for the hospitality organisation like Central Station Hotel to communicate with the customers effectively on the likes of Video The video messages have the engagement level of 40-70%, and it is basically about the presentation of the services that the hotel could provide to its potential guests. The videos need to be of a shorter duration to keep intact the interest of the potential customers (Bansal Taylor, 2015). Posters In this regard, the engagement level is in the range of 20-50% as it visually engages the attention of the customers on a particular message. It would be better to communicate through posters when Central Station Hotel runs some exciting offers and promotions (Hollensen, 2011). Newsletters The engagement level is from 10-20% and is used to communicate the mass audience to provide a general information regarding the services provided by Central Station Hotel. Mails The emails serve to be an inexpensive form of communication to address a wider customer segment, and the engagement level could run from 5% to 30%. Table tents The table tents could be provided to the guests visiting Central Station Hotel. These are smaller in size, and there are high chances that the guests could give it a miss owing to their busy schedule and the engagement is also as lower as 5% to 20%. Source: (Pfeffer, et al., 2014) The communication aspect to be made strong, Central Station Hotel need to have shorter duration videos, specific content posters and newsletter to be in place. The message towards the guests should be kept simpler to make it understandable to a wide section of people. But with the passage of time, the organisation needs to look beyond the traditional aspects of the communication channel to that of the emerging trends in the social media (van Osch Coursaris, 2013). It would be very beneficial for Central Station Hotel to reach out to its targeted customer segment through the likes of the blogs, websites and tweets through Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and YouTube. It would definitely be an effective communication process as there would be a scope for the customers to communicate with the organisation and in this way, they could learn about the expectations of the guests. This sort of two-way communication would be helpful in collecting the customer feedback which is quite crucial for the purpose of customer relationship management (Keegan Green, 2017). It is because the kind of guests visiting Central Station Hotel is quite efficient with the use of smartphones and seems to be active on the internet and social media platform. So they could be rightly tracked on the social media platform to collect their feedback on the organisation. KPI for the firm: The concept of key performance indicators (KPI) is an integral part of the hospitality industry to measure the elements of accommodation, food and beverage and profitability aspect of the organisation. It is because accommodation is a primary concern in the hospitality industry and is applicable for Central Station Hotel as well to generate maximum revenue for the organisation (Han, et al., 2011). Accordingly, the KPI for Central Station Hotel has been the following: Occupancy rate The occupancy rate in Central Station Hotel serves as the most important metric for the organisation as it enables to measure the proportion of rooms that are being filled by the guests at a given point of time. Occupancy % = Rooms occupied / Rooms available Average daily rate (ADR) It is the simplistic metric to determine the average rate for the occupied rooms (Kandampully, et al., 2015). It apparently examines the performance of the particular organisation though it does not take into account indicates the wholesome performance of the property. Average daily rate = Total room revenue / Total rooms occupied Revenue per Available Room (RevPAR) It is an important metric as it provides an insight how well the hotel property is operating indicating at what extent Central Station Hotel could fill up the available rooms at the average rate. The metric takes account of the empty rooms as well. RevPAR = Total room revenue / Total rooms available Cost per occupied room (CPOR) This particular metric determines the efficiency of the property on the basis of the sold rooms. CPOR takes into consideration the sort of expenses like fixed and variables to ascertain the profitability of each room in the Central Station Hotel property. This particular indicator is being used by the owners and managers of Central Station Hotel to track the efficiency of the property and increasing on its level (Nam, et al., 2011). CPOR = Total gross operating profit / Total rooms available Customer satisfaction It is the most important indicator for which the guests strive for as the customer satisfaction level for Central Station Hotel would imply a sustainable approach (Bansal Taylor, 2015). It would have a significant impact on the property for making favourable changes to suit their requirements. The budget of Campaign: Central Station Hotel has been working on the matter of improving the customer relationship as the customers prove to be the sole bread winning mechanism for the organisation. To implicate the customer relationship program for the purpose of enhancing brand loyalty and retaining the customers. It is seen that Central Station Hotel would take relevance of the social media marketing would be cost efficient (Hollensen, 2011). But the organisation would take the relevance of the press release and promotional materials for the purpose of retaining the customers by Central Station Hotel. Accordingly, a budget worth AUD 20,000 has been affixed to contemplate the marketing objective in favour of the organisation. Conclusion: It is concluded that Central Station Hotel would overtly take the help of the promotional mix of marketing focusing on the aspect of public relations. The retention of customers would play as the most important strategy, and the aspect of direct emails and brochures would be quiet helpful in this process. Sydney would be the target market for the organisation, and they would focus on the age group of 40-55 years of people. The market competition has been at its highest owing to the globalisation aspect, and so the organisation would take help of a competitive communication aspect like that of social media marketing. A promotional budget has been affixed worth AUD 20,000 to implicate the marketing process for gaining a better ground in the competitive market. It is an effort on the part of Central Station Hotel to retain the customers by taking relevance of the customer retention process in the competitive market. References Bansal, H. S. Taylor, S. F., 2015. Beyond service quality and customer satisfaction: investigating additional antecedents of service provider switching intentions. In: Proceedings of the 1999 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. London: Springer International Publishing, pp. 75-82. Becerra, M., Santal, J. Silva, R., 2013. Being better vs. being different: Differentiation, competition, and pricing strategies in the Spanish hotel industry. Tourism Management, 34(2), pp. 71-79. Centralstationhotel.com.au, 2017. History of Surry Hills Central Station - Central Station Hotel. [Online] Available at: https://centralstationhotel.com.au/about-us/history [Accessed 25 August 2017]. Davari, A. Strutton, D., 2014. Marketing mix strategies for closing the gap between green consumers' pro-environmental beliefs and behaviors. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 22(7), pp. 563-586. Grosbois, D., 2016. Corporate social responsibility reporting in the cruise tourism industry: A performance evaluation using a new institutional theory based model. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(2), pp. 245-269. Han, H. K., W. Hyun, S., 2011. Switching intention model development: Role of service performances, customer satisfaction, and switching barriers in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(3), pp. 619-629. Hollensen, S., 2011. Global Marketing: A Decision Oriented Approach. 5th ed. London: Pearson Education. Jakada, B. Gambo, M., 2014. A conceptual analysis of market orientation philosophy in the hospitality industry of Nigeria. Journal of marketing and management, 5(1), p. 50. Kandampully, J., Zhang, T. Bilgihan, A., 2015. Customer loyalty: a review and future directions with a special focus on the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), pp. 379-414. Keegan, W. Green, M., 2017. Global Marketing. 9th ed. London: Pearson Education. Khan, M., 2014. The concept of'marketing mix'and its elements (a conceptual review paper). International journal of information, business and management, 6(2), p. 95. Nam, J., Ekinci, Y. Whyatt, G., 2011. Brand equity, brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), pp. 1009-1030. Pfeffer, J., Zorbach, T. Carley, K., 2014. Understanding online firestorms: Negative word-of-mouth dynamics in social media networks. Journal of Marketing Communications, 20(1-2), pp. 117-128. Rinaldi, C. Beeton, S., 2015. Success in place branding: The case of the Tourism Victoria Jigsaw Campaign. Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 32(5), pp. 622-638. Robertson, R., 2012. Globalisation or glocalisation?. Journal of International Communication, pp. 191-208. Sigala, M., 2017. Collaborative commerce in tourism: implications for research and industry. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(4), pp. 346-355. Singal, M., 2015. How is the hospitality and tourism industry different? An empirical test of some structural characteristics. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 47(1), pp. 116-119. Telfer, D. Sharpley, R., 2015. Tourism and development in the developing world. 1 ed. London: Routledge. van Osch, W. Coursaris, C., 2013. Organizational social media: A comprehensive framework and research agenda. Hawaii, IEEE. Wong, T. Wickham, M., 2015. An examination of Marriott's entry into the Chinese hospitality industry: A Brand Equity perspective. Tourism Management, 48(2), pp. 439-454.

Nursing Care Plan for Pyelonephritis Essay Example

Nursing Care Plan for Pyelonephritis Paper Cues Nursing diagnosis Nursing objective Planning Nursing intervention Rationale Subjective Cues: â€Å"Nahihirapa n akong umihi,, madalas sya pero pakonti konti lang  » as verbalized by the client. Objective Cues: ? Distended abdomen ? Frequency ? Hesitancy T-38. 3 P-105Bpm R-24 bpm BP-130/90 mmHg Impaired Urinary Elimination r/t Inflammatio n of bladder mucosa As evidence by the objective cues. __________ _ Scientific Explanation : Disturbance in urine elimination. After 8 hrs of nursing interventio n the client will be able to portray and verbalize improve urinary elimination pattern. Plan of care to meet the desired outcome for the client. ?Make a teaching plan appropriate for the clients condition. ?. Determine clients previous pattern of elimination and compare with current situation. Note reports of frequency, urgency, burning, incontinence, nocturia, enuresis. ?Palpate bladder ? Determine clients usual daily fluid intake(both amount, beverage choice and use of caffeine), n ote conditions of skin, mucus membrane and color of urine. ?Encourage fluid intake up to 3000- 4000 ml per day including cranberry juice. Instruct the client to void every 2-3 hours during the day and completely empty the bladder. ?To assess degree of interference or disability. ?To assess retention ? To determine level of hydration. ?To help maintain renal function, prevent infection and formation of urinary stones ? This prevents over distention of the bladder and compromised blood supply to the bladder wall. †¢ Evaluation †¢ After 8 hrs of nursing intervention the client was able to portray and verbalize improved urinary elimination pattern. C u e s Nur sing diag nosi s Nu rsi ng obj ect ive Pla nni ng Nursing intervention Rationale E v al u a ti o n ?Instruct the client to keep the perineal area clean and dry. ?Teach the client how to do kegel exercise and its importance. ?Teach clients to avoid intake of caffeine, alcohol, colas, and artificial sweeteners. ?Provide privacy for the client upon voiding. ?Provide sensory stimuli that may help the client relax. Pour warm water over the perineum of a female or have the client sit in a warm bath. U can also apply a hot water bottle to the lower abdomen. Turn on running water within the hearing distance of the client to stimulate the voiding reflex. ?. To reduce the risk for further skin infection and skin breakdown ? To strengthen the perineal muscle. ?These are bladder irritants that may increase incontinence. ?Many people cannot void in the presence of another person. ?These promote muscle relaxation. ?Helps facilitate easier voiding. Cues Nursing diagnosis Nursing objective Planning Nursing intervent ion Rationale Subjective: â€Å"Nung nkraang lingo pa masakit ang tagiliran ko† as verbalized by the client. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Plan for Pyelonephritis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Plan for Pyelonephritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care Plan for Pyelonephritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Objective: ? Very severe painClient rate her pain as 8 from the range of 110(Having the rate of 10 as the most painful and 1 as the least painful) ? Guarding behavior ? Facial mask of pain ? Diaphoresis T-38. 3 P-105 Bpm R-24 bpm BP-130/90 mmHg Acute pain r/t Acute inflammation of renal tissues as evidenced by verbal reports of pain,guarding behavior and diaphoresis. _______________ Scientific Explanation Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage. It is a sudden onset of any intensity from mild to severe with duration of less than 6 months. After 4 hrs of nursing intervent ion the client will be able to verbalize relief of pain from the rate of 8 to at least less than the rate of 4. ?Plan techniques in which the clients level of pain will be alleviated primarily by using of independent nursing interventions. ?Plan with the significant others to cooperate in the pain management program for the client. ?Gather materials that can be helpful in pain management. Perform a comprehensive assessment of pain to include location, characteristics, onset, duration, frequency, quality and severity as well as the precipitating factors ? Encourage patient to verbalize concerns. Actively listen to these concerns and provide support by acceptance, remaining with patient and giving appropriate information. ?Promote quiet environment. ?Identify all stressors and remove it if possible. ?To establish baseline data that will be useful in monitoring improvement in clients’ level of pain. ?Reduction of anxiety or fear that can promote relaxation and comfort. Comfort and quiet environment promote relaxed feeling and permit the client to focus on the relaxation techniques rather than external distraction. ?To be able to lessen factors that could be an aggravating cause in clients’ pain. †¢ Evaluation: After 4 hrs of nursing intervention the client was able to verbalize relief of pain from the rate of 8 to the rate of 3. Cues Nurs ing diag nosis Nurs ing obje ctive Plan ning Nursing intervention Rationale Ev al ua tio n ?Encourage practice of diversional activities(watching TV, listening to music, reading magazines) ? Instruct comfort measures such as back rubbing and deep breathing exercise. ?Encourage adequate rest periods. ?To help client shift her focus of attention to other things. ?To reduce muscle tension and promote relaxation. ?To prevent fatigue and prevent further stimulation of pain. Dependent Nursing Management: ? Administer analgesics as prescribed. ?For immediate pain relief . DISCHARGE PLAN †¢ †¢ †¢ MEDICATION -Strict compliance to medication regimen -Antibiotics for 7 days (Ceftriaxone 10 mg) EXERCISE/ENVIRONMENT -instruct the client on ways hoe to maintain the cleanliness of her environment. TREATMENT -practice kegel exercise HEALTH TEACHING -Keep the genital area clean by wiping from front to back, it helps reduce the chance of introducing bacteria from the rectal area to the urethra. -Drink more fluid 64-128 ounces. This encourage frequent urination and flushes bacteria from the bladder. -Encourage proper food handling preparation. -Do handwashing before and after urinate. -Do not delay urination when it is necessary OUT PATIENT FOLLOW UP CARE -Instruct the patient to seek or return upon experience if any sign and symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, fever, painful urination. †¢ †¢